Introduction: Queen Elizabeth II, the longest-reigning monarch, left a lasting legacy on Canadian currency during her 70-year reign. Let's explore the major changes in coins and banknotes featuring her portrait, from her early days as Princess Elizabeth to her iconic images as Queen.
Early Years and Banknotes: In 1935, a portrait of an 8-year-old Princess Elizabeth graced the $20 banknote, showcasing her youthful innocence. The 1935 series marked the last appearance of the $25 and $500 banknotes.
Coinage Begins: 1953 saw Queen Elizabeth II's first appearance on Canadian coins, following her accession to the throne. The original coin design, chosen by the Royal Mint Advisory Committee, underwent modifications in 1953 for better clarity.
Controversial Banknotes: The 1954 banknote series featuring Queen Elizabeth II's portrait caused controversy due to an illusion of a "grinning demon" behind her ear. Modifications were made in 1956 to correct this issue.
Continuing Evolution: In 1965, the Arnold Machin portrait of the Queen debuted on Canadian coins and remained in use until 1989. The 1969 banknote series featured a formal portrait of the Queen, with diamonds added to her attire.
Modern Portraits and Designs: In 1986, a new portrait by Henry S. Doubtfire appeared on the $2 banknote. The 1990 coinage introduced the first Canadian-designed portrait of Queen Elizabeth II by Dora de Pédery-Hunt.
Recent Developments: 2003 saw a new portrait by Susanna Blunt, while 2004 considered replacing the Queen's portrait with Canadian inventors and artists, a plan ultimately abandoned. Subsequent banknotes featured portraits by Jorge Peral and Yousuf Karsh.
Conclusion: Queen Elizabeth II's reign has seen a remarkable evolution in Canadian currency, from her earliest appearances as Princess Elizabeth to the iconic portraits that define her legacy. Her images on coins and banknotes reflect not only her reign but also Canada's changing identity and history over the past seven decades.